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48,000 km of High-Speed Rail: China’s Dominance in Fusion Energy

China has surged ahead in funding early fusion research, threatening the dominance of US/Europe-backed initiatives. In the past five years, China’s backing has increased significantly, with a focus on adjacent industries crucial for plasma confinement systems using REBCO superconductors. Thin-film processing, large metal-alloy structures, and power electronics are key areas where China excels.

Notably, China leads in thin-film processing, which is essential for the plasma confinement system. The country has deployed over 48,000 kilometers of high-speed rail by 2024, demonstrating its capabilities in large-scale power electronics. In contrast, the West leads in cryo-plants (20 Kelvin), fuel processing, and blankets.

Policymakers and leaders must create robust supply chains to support industrial development. The US/Europe can lead with public/private funding, serving as early customers and providing debt financing. Investing in innovation ecosystems to support industrial bases is crucial, as fusion energy has the potential to shift geopolitics away from fossil fuels, providing resilience, security, and abundance.

Source: www.technologyreview.com

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