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Consumption Growth Disparity: From -2.2% to a Uniform 2.4% Post-COVID

Since the onset of COVID-19, U.S. household consumption recovery has shown marked differences across income groups. Initially, from January 2020 to January 2021, total real consumption growth was -0.1%, with the highest-spending households growing by 1.8% while the second-lowest quintile saw a decline of 2.2%. From January 2021 to January 2023, growth varied across quintiles, with the lowest quintile at 1.9% and the highest at 4.7%. However, by January 2023 to October 2024, consumption growth has stabilized, with all groups experiencing rates close to the national 2.4%. This trend indicates a shift from a highly uneven recovery to a more uniform growth pattern across different spending levels.

Source: St. Louis Fed

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