The universe is vast, but only 5% of it is ordinary matter. The rest, 95%, consists of dark matter and dark energy, which remain largely mysterious. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory, equipped with the largest digital camera ever built, aims to shed light on these enigmatic components. Using gravitational lensing, Rubin will map dark matter’s distribution by analyzing how light from distant galaxies is bent. This technique will allow the observatory to study billions of galaxies, far surpassing the capabilities of current telescopes. Rubin’s observations will also delve into dark energy, which accelerates the universe’s expansion. By examining Type Ia supernovas and the historical distribution of galaxies, Rubin will explore how dark energy has influenced the cosmos over time. The observatory’s work could refine or even challenge existing theories about dark matter and energy. The Rubin Observatory plans to begin its survey in late 2025 or early 2026, with initial data expected within 12 to 14 months.
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